1767 Estate Map of Kilton

A Plan of Joseph Tullie Esq's Estate, being the Compleat Manors of Kilton in the Parish of Brotton near Guisbrough in the North Riding of the County of YORK. By R. Richardson, 1767

 The detailed estate map instructed by Joseph Tullie showing Kilton in 1767, within the Records of the Skelton and Gilling Estate Office

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The Estate Map (Skelton and Gilling Estate Records)

Three maps provide the main sources for this period – the Estate Map of 1767, the Tithe Map of 1844 and the first Edition Ordinance Survey 6 inch map of 1856 (see Kilton entry for 1856). An estate map was commissioned by Joseph Tullie and surveyed by R Richardson in 1767 and the original map is held by Skelton and Gilling Estates.

The 1767 Estate Map shows an enclosed landscape, with the various tenancies marked. All the fields were named and tracks and paths were marked. The map shows marked changes from the medieval landscape. The 1767 map shows a landscape which, while containing much of the medieval past, had undergone a dramatic transformation. Enclosure of the medieval fields had taken place and probably partly as a result of this the number of farmsteads had increased from perhaps five in the medieval period to eight in 1767. An estate village had been established at Kilton, a hunting lodge at Buck Rush and a number of new buildings had been built. In addition, two new roads had been constructed, the first linking Brotton to Kilton Thorpe and cutting through the enclosure boundaries of Middle Field; the second running from Kilton Lane to the new farm at Stank House, which continued on to the Lodge and Buck Rush. The latter survives much as built and is a fine example of a broad c 18^th century road which contrasts markedly with its medieval predecessors.

The landscape had undoubtedly been deliberately reorganised yet again. It is particularly interesting to note the re-establishment of a major village at Kilton and the similarity of the plan formed to its medieval predecessor and, indeed, to see that this attempts to create a major nucleation within the Township was as unsuccessful as its predecessor. It may be that the forces at work were much the same, the prosperity of the post medieval village being dependent on the hall at its head in much the same way as the medieval village may have been dependent on the castle.

The date of the reorganisation is not known, it was certainly post medieval and probably post enclosure. Unfortunately the date of enclosure is not known either. However, the complete appearance of the estate village when set against its decayed nature in 1845 might suggest that the reorganisation had taken place not long before.

(Robert Daniels. 1990. Kilton: A Survey of Moorland Fringe Township in Medieval Rural Settlement in North East England. Architectural and Archaeological Society of Durham and Northumberland Research Report No 2, edited by B E Vyner, page 53).

Remarks

The Fence on the South side of Whitby Lane between the Information Post at A and the Gate B is repaired by John Hall Stephenson Esq.

All the Ground within the Township of Kilton pays a Modus of One Pound Six Shillings yearly to John Hall Stephenson Esq. in lieu of Hay Tythe.

The West Bank of Nofs hag Nos 268 and 269 is in the Township of Kilton. The East of Nofs hag is in the Township of Great Moorsholm and pays a Modus of Fourpence yearly in lieu of Hay Tythe.

The Heart of Kilton

The Estate Village

Craggs Hill

Howe Hill area

Stank House area

Braygate and Farndale Close

Kilton Thorpe

Greenhills Farm

Buck Rush Farm

Kilton Castle area and the woodland

The Village is highlighted by a red square Kilton Hall is shown at the end olf the village street

Five houses on each side of the street, as described in John Farndale’s works. Other houses highlighted yellow.

Robert Daniels (Kilton: A Survey of a Moorland Fringe Township, by Robin Daniels, 1990) redrew the Kilton Township Estate Plan of 1767 onto the 1856 OS 6 inch map:

The 1767 map shows a landscape which, while containing much of the medieval past, had undertaken a dramatic transformation. Enclosure of the medieval fields had taken place and probably partly as a result of this the number of farmsteads had increased from perhaps five in the medieval period to eight in 1767. An Estate village had been established at Kilton, a hunting lodge at Buck Rush, and a number of new buildings had been built. In addition, two new roads had been constructed, the first linking Brotton to Kilton Thorpe and cutting through the enclosure boundaries of Middlefield, and the second running from Kilton Lane to the new farm at Stank House, which continued on to the Lodge and Buck Rush. The last of these roads survives much as built and is a fine example of a broad eighteenth century road which contrasts markedly with its medieval predecessors.

The Kilton of 1767 was very different from medieval Kilton. While some of the medieval properties either side of Kilton Lane had buildings on them, the village had been moved to the north. A finer state village had been created, with a street and green and two rows of cottages facing each other across it. A post mill was shown at the western end of the South row.

The 1767 map shows a complex of at least three buildings, wrongly labelled as Wilton Mill. The mill building is shown extending over the stream and the wheel may have been contained within a housing.