Deer Poaching at Petronedle in Pickering Forest
1
July 1323
|
Return to the Home
Page of the Farndale Family Website |
The story of one
family’s journey through two thousand years of British History |
The 83 family lines
into which the family is divided. Meet the whole family and how the wider
family is related |
Members of the
historical family ordered by date of birth |
Links to other pages
with historical research and related material |
The story of the
Bakers of Highfields, the Chapmans, and other related families |
1 July 1323
On Friday 1
July 1323 Adam (FAR00025), son of Simon the miller of Farndale (FAR00021), and Richard
(FAR00016), son of John the miller (FAR00021B), with three other unknown men, came into
Pickering Forest in a place called Petronedel, and
took two deer. When they had been proclaimed by the forester, they sent away
one deer, which the foresters carried to the castle of Pickering, but the
wrongdoers carried away the other deer with them and thereupon did their will.
They did not come to a hearing until 3 October 1334 and the sheriff was ordered
to apprehend them. Later, Adam and Richard came before the justices and asked
to pay for licence to make concord for their offence so that they could be
redeemed. Adam paid £1 6s 8d and Richard paid £2 for this licence, and they
found mainpernors (or guarantors) for these amounts (The Great Cowcher of the Duchy of Lancaster, The National
Archives, DL42/1 Folio 217, DL
42/1/23/U22 folios 217 to 218v, North
Riding Records Yorks, The Honour and Forest of Pickering, 1894, Volume II at page 96, page 218).
Under the
Pleas of the Forest there was a hearing on the Monday next after Michaelmas 8
Edw. III (1334 to 1335). Michaelmas is 29 September each year. The next Monday
in 1334 was 3 October 1334.
Adam, son
of Simon the miller of Farndale, and Richard, son of John the miller were the
alleged offenders.
It is
presented that they and three unknown men, on Friday next after the feast of
the Translation of St Thomas 17 Edw. I (1288 to 1289), came in the said forest
in a place called Petroneldel, and there took two
deer. And when they had been proclaimed by the forester, they sent away one
deer, which the foresters carried to the castle of Pikeryng
[Pickering], and another deer the wrongdoers carried away with them and
thereupon did their will. They do not now come, but it is witnessed that they
are staying in the country. Therefore the sheriff is ordered to make them come.
The Feast of
the Translation of St. Thomas refers to the celebration of the moving of Thomas
Becket's relics from his tomb in the crypt to a new shrine in Canterbury
Cathedral's Trinity Chapel on 7 July 1220. This event is commemorated annually
on July 7th and is distinct from his martyrdom, which is celebrated on December
29th. The relevant Friday was therefore 9 July 1288. However the 1898
interpretation in the North Riding Records concludes that the date of the
offence was on 1 July 1323, and this must be the right date given the date of
the hearing.
Afterwards
Adam and Richard came before the justices and upon this sought licence to make
concord, and they are redeemed, namely Adam at 26s 8d and Richard at 40s. And
they found mainpernors, etc.
In the same
hearing Roger Drye, Richard Drye, John Sumpter, abbot of Whiteby
[Whitby], Henry le Parker, Peter de Acclom [Acklam], Peter, his groom, William de Elredby, John Paulyn, groom of the said Peter, and Walter
le Hunter were alleged on Friday next before the feast of St Thomas the
Apostle in the said year, they came with bows and arrows and five greyhounds,
three of which were of the abbot of Whiteby [Whitby],
in the said forest in a certain place called Yarnolfbek,
and they took there one four-year-old stag (sourum),
and they carried it away with them and did their will thereupon. They do not
now come, nor were they previously attached, but it is witnessed that they are
staying in the country. Therefore the sheriff is ordered to cause them to come.
A hind is a
female deer, especially a red deer. The forest offices gave evidence that they
left one of the hinds, but took the other a long way off. They were to be
arrested.
In the Calendar of the Close Rolls, 22 August 1323: Pickering.
To the sheriff of York. Whereas it is found by an inquisition taken by William
de Ayremynne, Humphrey de Waleden,
and John de Kylvyngton, by the oath of the foresters,
verderers, regarders, and other ministers at the forest of Pickering, and of
other lawful men of that county, that the following persons committed trespass
of venison in the forest after it came into the King's hands as escheat by
forfeiture of Thomas, late earl of Lancaster... that on Friday the morrow of
Martinmas, in the aforesaid year, Robert Capoun,
knight, Robert son of Marmaduke de Tweng, and eight
unknown men with bows and arrows and four greyhounds came to a place called
‘Ellerbek’, and there took a hart and two other deers (feras), and carried the
venison away; and that on Thursday before the Invention of the Holy Cross, in
the aforesaid year, Robert Capoun and seventeen
unknown men came with bows and arrows and greyhounds to the place called
‘Ellerbek’ against the assize of the forest for the purpose of doing evil, but
they took nothing; and that on Friday after the Translation of Saint Thomas
last, Adam (FAR00025) son of Simon
the Miller of Farndale, Richard son of John the Miller, and three
unknown men came to a place called ‘Petrenedle’, and
there took two hinds, and when they were proclaimed by the foresters, they left
one hind, which the foresters carried to Pykeryng
castle and the said malefactors carried the other away with them;... the King
orders the sheriff to take with him John de Rithre,
and to arrest all the aforesaid men and Juliana, and to deliver them to John de
Kylvynton, keeper of Pykeryng
castle, whom the king has ordered to receive them and to keep them in prison in
the castle until further orders.
‘At
Pickering
before the Sheriff of York in 1323, on Friday after the translation of St
Thomas last, Adam son of Simon the miller of
Farndale, Richard the son of John the miller three unknown men came to
the place ‘Petrenedle’ and there took two hinds and
when they were proclaimed by the foresters they left one hind which the
foresters carried the other way with them...(long list of other
offenders)...... The King orders the Sheriff to take with him John de Rithre and to arrest the aforesaid men and deliver them to
John de Kyltynton, Keeper of Pyckeryng Castle whom the King ordered to receive them and to
keep them in prison until further orders.’
(Close Rolls 22 August 1323, 17 Edward II page 15 and 16, North
Riding Records Yorks, The Honour and Forest of Pickering, 1894, Volume
II at page 217
to 218).
In the Calendar of the Close Rolls, 22 August 1323:
Pickering. To the sheriff of York. Whereas it is found by an inquisition taken
by William de Ayremynne, Humphrey de Waleden, and John de Kylvyngton,
by the oath of the foresters, verderers, regarders, and other ministers at the
forest of Pickering, and of other lawful men of that county, that the following
persons committed trespass of venison in the forest after it came into the
King's hands as escheat by forfeiture of Thomas, late earl of Lancaster... that
on Friday the morrow of Martinmas, in the aforesaid year, Robert Capoun, knight, Robert son of Marmaduke de Tweng, and eight unknown men with bows and arrows and four
greyhounds came to a place called ‘Ellerbek’, and there took a hart and two other deers (feras), and carried the venison away; and that on Thursday
before the Invention of the Holy Cross, in the aforesaid year, Robert Capoun and seventeen unknown men came with bows and arrows
and greyhounds to the place called ‘Ellerbek’ against the assize of the forest
for the purpose of doing evil, but they took nothing; and that on Friday after
the Translation of Saint Thomas last, Adam (FAR00025)
son of Simon Miller of Farndale (FAR00021), Richard (FAR00016) son
of John Miller (FAR00021B), and three
unknown men came to a place called ‘Petrenedle’, and
there took two hinds, and when they were proclaimed by the foresters, they left
one hind, which the foresters carried to Pykeryng
castle and the said malefactors carried the other away with them;... the King
orders the sheriff to take with him John de Rithre,
and to arrest all the aforesaid men and Juliana, and to deliver them to John de
Kylvynton, keeper of Pykeryng
castle, whom the king has ordered to receive them and to keep them in prison in
the castle until further orders.
‘At Pickering before the
Sheriff of York in 1323, on Friday after the translation of St Thomas last, Adam (FAR00025)
son of Simon Miller of Farndale (FAR00021), Richard (FAR00016) son
of John Miller (FAR00021B) three unknown
men came to the place ‘Petrenedle’ and there took two
hinds and when they were proclaimed by the foresters they left one hind which
the foresters carried the other way with them...(long list of other
offenders)...... The King orders the Sheriff to take with him John de Rithre and to arrest the aforesaid men and deliver them to
John de Kyltynton, Keeper of Pyckeryng Castle whom the King
ordered to receive them and to keep them in prison until further orders.’ Was this the
same Adam de Farndale, who would be 28 at the time which would fit? (Close Rolls 22
August 1323, 17 Edward II page 15 and 16)
There is a separate page about poaching in Pickering Forest.