Kirkleatham

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Historical and geographical information

 

 

 

  

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The Farndales of Kirkleatham

 

Nicholas farndaile (FAR00059), was buried at Kirkleatham on 6 Aug 1572. Agnes Farndale (FAR00060) was buried at Kirkleatham on 23 January 1586. Nicholas and Agnes Farndale were almost certainly the common ancestors of all modern Farndales The early Farndales comprised the Doncaster Kirkleatham Skelton Line. It is probable that between 1564 and 1567, the family moved to Kirkleatham, either because Agnes came from there or because their daughter Jean’s husband Richard Fairly came from there. The family soon moved on to the Skelton area nearby and then settled around the wider Cleveland area.

 

Other Farndales associated with Kirkleatham are George Farndale (FAR00156) and John Farndale (FAR00305).

 

Kirkleatham

 

Kirkleatham is a village in the Borough of Redcar and Cleveland in North Yorkshire. It is approximately 7 km northwest of Guisborough, and 5 km south of Redcar. The village has a collection of buildings that formed the Turner Estate, named after the Turner family who lived in the area from 1661. It has one of the best collections of Georgian-style buildings in England.

 

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The name of the village comes from the old Norse kirk (“church”) and hlíð (“slopes”), so it means "churchslopes.". It was origibnally known as Lythum and Westlidum by the time of the Domesday Book.

Kirkleatham Timeline

Ninth Century

It is thought there has been a church on the site since the 9th century CE, as a location where the body of Saint Cuthbert rested while carried monks before it was taken to Durham.

1070

It had apparently been laid to waste during The Harrying of the North.

1086

The village is mentioned in the Domesday book when there were 9. There were 4 landowners listed in Domesday Book:

·         1.5 ploughlands and meadow 4 acres; annual value to lord, 10s; from 1066, the land was owned by King William (Lord, Leysing).

·         34 ploughlands, one villager and one plough teams; meadow 8 acres; woodland 1 league by 2 furlongs; 1 church; annual value to lord £48 in 1066. The landlord in 1066 was Earl Siward and from 1086 Earl Hugh (of Chester).

·         5 ploughlands and meadow 14 acres; with an anual value to lord of 16s in 1066; owned by Uhtred in 1066 and Count Robert of Mortain by 1086.

·         Kirkleatham itself - 5 ploughlands and meadow of 14 acres (4 caracutes of which 2 caracutes were arable); one freeman, 7 smallholders and one priest; with an annual value of 10s in 1066 but 5s 2d in 1086; owned by ‘northmann’ in 1066 and William of Percy by 1096.

The Victoria County History – Yorkshire, A History of the County of York North Riding: Volume 2 Parishes: Kirkleatham, 1923: In 1086 William de Percy had in Kirkleatham 4 carucates of land, a 'manor' held previously by a certain Norman.

The northern magnates the Percy family held the most of the land in Kirkleatham from 1086 to 1608.

1232

In 1232 the advowson of Kirkleatham parish was at the centre of a dispute that saw local knight Sir Robert de Thweng who styled himself "Will Wither" and take arms against Italian eccelsiatics which saw him raid their properties and redistribute their wealth to the poor.

1559

The parish church is named Saint Cuthberts from the ninth century connection. There has been a church on the site since the eleventh century. The parish records begin in 1559.

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1564

It is probable that between 1564 and 1567, the Farndale family moved to the Skelton area in Cleveland and first settled at Kirkleatham.

1572

Nicholas farndaile (FAR00059), was buried at Kirkleatham on 6 Aug 1572.

1586

Agnes Farndale (FAR00060) was buried at Kirkleatham on 23 January 1586

1624

Kirkleatham was acquired by the Turner family around 1624.

1669

Kirkleatham is the birthplace of Sir William Turner who was Lord Mayor of London in 1669.

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1676

Sir William Turner gave most of his fortune to found the Sir William Turner's Hospital in June 1676, which today is an independent almshouse. The Victoria County History – Yorkshire, A History of the County of York North Riding: Volume 2 Parishes: Kirkleatham, 1923: On the other side of the road is Turner's Hospital, built and endowed by Sir William Turner in 1676, but entirely remodelled and enlarged in 1742 by his great-nephew Cholmley Turner. The buildings are erected on three sides of a rectangular courtyard measuring about 55 yards from north to south by about 30 yards in width, and open at the north end to the road. The buildings are of brick, with slated hipped roofs behind straight parapets with the exception of the chapel, which is faced with stone, and which occupies the middle of the south end of the quadrangle. The boys' school and the master's house are on the west of the chapel and the girls' school on the east, and the lower stories of the long line of buildings on either side of the courtyard are occupied by the women on the east and the men on the west. The north end is inclosed by a tall iron grille with gates in the centre, all of admirable design, between which and the road is a kind of semicircular grassed forecourt with brick retaining wall toward the road surmounted by stone posts and chains and dwarf entrance piers. The whole lay-out as seen from the highway, with two old trees in the forecourt, is exceedingly picturesque.

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1709

Turner bequeathed a substantial amount of money to his great nephew, Cholmley Turner, later a member of parliament for Yorkshire between 1727 and 1741, to establish a Free School, built in 1709, that now houses the local museum. His estate established for the care of 40 people: ten old men, ten old women, ten boys, and ten girls. The office of governor or governess falls upon the owner of the estate. Management of the estate was the responsibility of a chaplain, a master, and a mistress.

1739

Cholmley Turner added other Grade I listed buildings, the most notable being the Turner Mausoleum, in memory of his son, and adjoining the Church of St Cuthbert. It is a Grade I listed building on Kirkleatham Lane. The mausoleum was built in 1739–40 by James Gibbs, and restored with added internal cladding in 1839. Entered from the church, it is of Baroque style and of an octagonal plan with south and south-west sides that adjoin the church. It is a single storey with a basement burial chamber. The exterior is heavily rusticated, with an unusually large area vermiculated. It contains the inscription, "This mausoleum was erected 1740 to the memory of Marwood William Turner Esquire the best of sons."

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Cholmley Turner also retained the architect James Gibbs for building of the chapel at the almshouses.

1768

Cholmley Turner's nephew Sir Charles Turner, 1st Baronet, of Kirkleatham, MP for York from 1768 to 1783, continued building upon the estate. His achievement included remodelling Kirkleatham Hall, as well as providing for the further development of the hospital, school, and a library. He also built the adjoining village of Yearby.

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Kirkleatham Hall about 1923

1771

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Kirkleatham in Jeffrey’s map of 1771

1773

George Farndale (FAR00156) was witness to a marriage in Kirkleatham.

 

1831

 

The Victoria County History – Yorkshire, A History of the County of York North Riding: Volume 2 Parishes: Kirkleatham, 1923: This parish in 1831 contained the townships of Kirkleatham and Wilton; with East Coatham it has an extent of 6,748 acres, of which 34 acres are covered by inland water, 1,699 are foreshore, 1,966 arable land, 1,617 pasture and 159 woods and plantations. By the sea the soil is mainly sandy, but further south it is clay upon lias. Wheat, barley, beans and turnips are the chief crops grown. The ground, nowhere of any great height, slopes gently down towards the north and along the coast is hardly above the level of the sea; indeed, much of the northern portion of the parish was occupied by salt marsh.

1854

 

John Farndale (FAR00305) was a farm worker at Kirkleatham.

 

1857

 

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1894

 

In 1894 Kirkleatham became an urban district.

1899

Kirkleatham was annexed into Redcar in 1899, after just five years as an independent authority.

1918

In 1918, Kirkleatham was the location of a mooring-out station (a secondary base) for airships protecting the east coast based out of RNAS Howden. The site was only used during the latter half of 1918 and was closed permanently after the Armistice

1923

The Victoria County History – Yorkshire, A History of the County of York North Riding: Volume 2 Parishes: Kirkleatham, 1923: Kirkleatham village lies 2½ miles south of Redcar station at the junction of the road running north north-east from Stockton to Marske and Kirkleatham Lane which leads north to East Coatham. The church is situated at the south-west corner of the lane and immediately opposite is Kirkleatham Hall, which was probably built by John Turner soon after 1623; it was originally an H-shaped house of two stories, the principal front facing north, with curved gables and a cupola or bell-turret over the middle wing. Knyff's drawing, c. 1708, shows additions of short wings at either end, east and west. The building was, however, almost entirely remodelled by Charles Turner who is said to have employed as his architect Carr of York. Externally the building has now lost all traces of its original appearance, having been rebuilt and enlarged in a pseudo-Gothic style with the principal front towards the south.

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